Serious injury to the first-aid guide

Due to severe multiple trauma injuries involving heavy organ, clinical manifestations complex, fast progress of disease, clinical diagnosis and treatment to bring difficulties, the rescue misconduct often cause serious consequences, and even endanger the patient's life.

Multiple trauma refers to a single factor against injury, the body simultaneously or one after another in two or more parts of the anatomy of injury. It is not the sum of various combinations of trauma, but an injury not only to cover up and interaction between the clinical syndrome or trauma syndrome. Complications, of the complex, early diagnosis and treatment difficult, protracted course of the vesting. Therefore, the master of multiple trauma clinical characteristics, develop a reasonable treatment programmes, will help to enhance emergency response capabilities.

Has the following characteristics:

1, condition critical: serious multiple injuries on the state of systemic effects, and life-threatening. Early variety of factors can lead to serious hypoxemia, particularly the head or chest trauma with shock or unconscious, often to dangerous levels of oxygen.

2, rapid changes in condition: extensive damage site, massive blood loss shortly by the start of the systemic illness caused by the stress response often complex and changeable.

3, the high incidence of shock: severe trauma, massive blood loss, heart is inefficient from the initial shock factor.

4, the high rate of misdiagnosis: This is often complicated because of illness, rapid progress, mutual cover up the symptoms, diagnosis misconduct, and other factors.

5, often subject to different parts of the operation: This is a modern traffic injuries and gunshot wounds to the characteristics of the nature of the injury, multiple organ system more frequently over the same period after injury or surgery to deal with exploration of the treatment, the relative expansion of the scope of operation.

6, deal with difficult: multiple trauma is a dynamic process, and often include two or more specialties injury, about half of the patients required surgery, trauma due to location, the extent of involvement of different organs, treatment often appears partial overall , Priorities, such as primary and secondary has dealt with the order of contradictions. Some life-threatening injuries are often visible limb fracture or concealed by the trauma, which adversely affected the rescue time.

7, the high incidence of complications, not timely treatment can lead to the body multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: functional decline in patients body defense, wound serious pollution, the use of catheter often caused by infection, and other clinics. Post-traumatic sharp drop in blood volume, the release of oxygen consumption-dependent, such as excessive stress response can be to target organ damage, such pathological changes will lead to the further extension of multiple organ dysfunction or failure in sequential. Therefore, many of the injured were out of danger after a series of performance will continue to post-traumatic crisis. Early treatment is to ensure proper follow-up treatment of complications of the key.

Where the principle of

1, timely and accurate estimates of the overall condition, emergency treatment at the scene for serious multiple trauma, first of all should have the overall situation, the overall concept and asked in detail about injuries, carefully check in, not missing any suspicious signs, the timely processing of patients with life threatening Organ damage. The establishment and implementation of the basic life support, including support for the cycle and respiratory support, the tension pneumothorax decompression should quickly exhaust; more root multiple rib fractures caused by abnormal breathing sand thick mats of oppression to correct abnormal breathing; open gas Chest to be immediately closed.

2, severe multiple trauma emergency department of the local operation should first deal with accurate judgement of injury, quickly establish a good vein access, if necessary, intravenous lines open or subclavian vein puncture. Serious multiple injuries often require timely treatment, emergency treatment to highlight the "fast, accurate and timely, efficient." First it is necessary to have proper rescue procedures followed to deal with life-threatening organ damage principle. Usually on the chest, abdomen, brain and urinary tract, limb order. Abdominal injury for most of the multiple trauma. Increase the risk of conservative treatment. Abdominal injury requiring laparotomy comprehensive, serious and careful, step up subcapsular liver, spleen, intestinal damage, and other observations.

3, severe multiple trauma ICU monitoring the treatment: serious multiple injuries are accompanied by a series of complex systemic reactions, serious physical disorder, serious damage to the body immunity, such as improper handling, easy to have a stable condition deteriorate again, Or even death in recent years, increasing attention to the role of critical illness ICU. Severe multiple trauma patients immediately into the ICU ward, the implementation of respiration and circulation, continuous and effective care and support, reduce the incidence of MODS.